Rescaling Ward identities in the random normal matrix model

We study existence and universality of scaling limits for the eigenvalues of a random normal matrix, in particular at points on the boundary of the spectrum. Our approach uses Ward's equation, which is an identity satisfied by the 1-point function.Comment: This is a substantial revision with several new results. The previous section 7 on singular boundary points has been lifted out and developed in a separate not

Segmentation of Arabic Handwritten Documents into Text Lines using Watershed Transform

A crucial task in character recognition systems is the segmentation of the document into text lines and especially if it is handwritten. When dealing with non-Latin document such as Arabic, the challenge becomes greater since in addition to the variability of writing, the presence of diacritical points and the high number of ascender and descender characters complicates more the process of the segmentation. To remedy with this complexity and even to make this difficulty an advantage since the focus is on the Arabic language which is semi-cursive in nature, a method based on the Watershed Transform technique is proposed. Tested on «Handwritten Arabic Proximity Datasets» a segmentation rate of 93% for a 95% of matching score is achieved

Review of Temephos Discriminating Concentration for Monitoring the Susceptibility of Anopheles labranchiae (Falleroni, 1926), Malaria Vector in Morocco

In Morocco, the resistance monitoring of Anopheles labranchiae larvae to temephos is done using discriminating concentration of 0.125 mg, which is half of the WHO recommended dose for Anopheles. However, this dosage seemed to be too high to allow an early detection of the resistance and its revision was found necessary. The present study was carried out during May-June 2008 and 2009 in nine provinces from the north-west of the country. The aim was to determine the lethal concentrations LC100 of temephos for the most susceptible populations and to define the discriminating dosage as the double of this value. The bioassays were conducted according to WHO standard operating protocol to establish the dose-mortality relationship and deduct the LC50 and LC95. The results of this study indicated that the LC100 obtained on the most susceptible populations was close to 0.05 mg/L. Therefore, the temephos discriminating dosage for susceptibility monitoring of An. labranchiae larvae in Morocco was set to be 0.1 mg/L

A general wavelet-based profile decomposition in the critical embedding of function spaces

We characterize the lack of compactness in the critical embedding of functions spaces $X\subset Y$ having similar scaling properties in the following terms : a sequence $(u_n)_{n\geq 0}$ bounded in $X$ has a subsequence that can be expressed as a finite sum of translations and dilations of functions $(\phi_l)_{l>0}$ such that the remainder converges to zero in $Y$ as the number of functions in the sum and $n$ tend to $+\infty$. Such a decomposition was established by G\'erard for the embedding of the homogeneous Sobolev space $X=\dot H^s$ into the $Y=L^p$ in $d$ dimensions with $0<s=d/2-d/p$, and then generalized by Jaffard to the case where $X$ is a Riesz potential space, using wavelet expansions. In this paper, we revisit the wavelet-based profile decomposition, in order to treat a larger range of examples of critical embedding in a hopefully simplified way. In particular we identify two generic properties on the spaces $X$ and $Y$ that are of key use in building the profile decomposition. These properties may then easily be checked for typical choices of $X$ and $Y$ satisfying critical embedding properties. These includes Sobolev, Besov, Triebel-Lizorkin, Lorentz, H\"older and BMO spaces.Comment: 24 page

Sentiment analysis tools should take account of the number of exclamation marks!!!

There are various factors that affect the sentiment level expressed in textual comments. Capitalization of letters tends to mark something for attention and repeating of letters tends to strengthen the emotion. Emoticons are used to help visualize facial expressions which can affect understanding of text. In this paper, we show the effect of the number of exclamation marks used, via testing with twelve online sentiment tools. We present opinions gathered from 500 respondents towards “like” and “dislike” values, with a varying number of exclamation marks. Results show that only 20% of the online sentiment tools tested considered the number of exclamation marks in their returned scores. However, results from our human raters show that the more exclamation marks used for positive comments, the more they have higher “like” values than the same comments with fewer exclamations marks. Similarly, adding more exclamation marks for negative comments, results in a higher “dislike”

First-order indicators for the estimation of discrete fractures in porous media

International audienceFaults and geological barriers can drastically affect the flow patterns in porous media. Such fractures can be modeled as interfaces that interact with the surrounding matrix. We propose a new technique for the estimation of the location and hydrogeological properties of a small number of large fractures in a porous medium from given distributed pressure or flow data. At each iteration, the algorithm builds a short list of candidates by comparing fracture indicators. These indicators quantify at the first order the decrease of a data misfit function; they are cheap to compute. Then, the best candidate is picked up by minimization of the objective function for each candidate. Optimally driven by the fit to the data, the approach has the great advantage of not requiring remeshing, nor shape derivation. The stability of the algorithm is shown on a series of numerical examples representative of typical situations.Les écoulements dans les milieux poreux peuvent être radicalement modifiés par la présence de failles ou de barrières géologiques.De telles fractures peuvent être modélisées comme des interfaces qui interagissent avec la matrice environnante. Nous proposons une nouvelle technique pour l'estimation de l'emplacement et des propriétés hydrogéologiques d'un petit nombre de grandes fractures dans un milieu poreux à partir de mesures distribuées de pression ou de flux données. À chaque itération, l'algorithme construit une courte liste de candidats par comparaison d'indicateurs de fracture. Ces indicateurs quantifient au premier ordre la décroissance d'une fonctiond'écart aux données; ils sont peut coûteux à calculer. Le meilleur candidat est ensuite isolé par minimisation de la fonctionobjectif pour chaque candidat. Guidée de façon optimale par la reproduction des données, l'approche a le grand avantage de ne pas nécessiter de remaillage, ni de dérivation de forme. La stabilité de l'algorithme est montrée sur une série d'exemples numériquesreprésentatifs de situations typiques

Identification of Potential Antimicrobial Compounds from a Marine Streptomyces sp. SM2.4 Strain (MH752437) Isolated from Rachgoun Island in Western Algeria

14 páginas.- 4 figuras.- 8 tablas.- 60 referenciasBackground: Marine actinobacteria are a potential resource for natural products; their secondary bioactive metabolites have shown several biological activities. Most of the isolated and identified actinobacteria in Algeria were usually explored from caves, Saharan soil or palm groves. The marine ecosystem is poorly explored and documented. Methods: Five Streptomyces strains producing bioactive compounds were isolated from Rachgoun Island located in Western Algeria and characterised phenotypically and genotypically using microbiological and 16S rRNA sequencing methods, respectively. The crude extract of the most representative strain ¿Streptomyces sp. strain SM2.4¿ and its seven active fractions were characterised by GC/MS analysis. Results: Streptomyces sp. strain SM2.4 revealed the strongest activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, the fungus Aspergillus niger and was inactive against Gram-negative bacteria. GC/MS analysis of the methylated crude extract of Streptomyces sp. strain SM2.4 revealed the presence of 11 major compounds including fatty acids methyl ester (12-methyltridecanoic acid methyl ester, 9-hexadecenoic acid methyl ester, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 14-methylhexadecanoic acid methyl ester and 16-methylheptadecanoic acid methyl ester), 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, (4S,4aS,8aR)-4,8a-dimethyloctahydro-4a(2H)-naphthalenol (geosmin), 2,4-dimethylbenzaldehyde, 3,4-difluorobenzaldehyde, dimethylfuran-2,4-dicarboxylate and pyrrolo(1,2-a)pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl)-. Partial purification of the crude extract by Thin-layer chromatography provided seven active fractions which were tested by radial diffusion assay. GC/MS analysis of the active TLC-fractions revealed the presence of a mixture of active compounds from which 2-(bromomethyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)-1,3-dioxolane was found to be a new 1,3 dioxolane derivative. Furthermore, 3,4-dimethylbenzamide and pyrido[2,3-d] pyridazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl)-, were extracted for the first time from a natural source. Conclusion: Our study reveals that marine Streptomyces sp. strain SM2.4 has an interesting antimicrobial potential due to its panel of bioactive compounds.Peer reviewe